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阅读理解。SupposewebuiltarobottoexploretheplanetMars.Weprovidetherobotwithseeingdetector(探测器)tokeepitawayfromdanger.Itispoweredentirelybythesun.Shouldweprogramtherobottobeequallyactive
 更新时间:2024-03-29 00:17:45
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问题描述:

阅读理解。

SupposewebuiltarobottoexploretheplanetMars.Weprovidetherobotwithseeingdetector(探

测器)tokeepitawayfromdanger.Itispoweredentirelybythesun.Shouldweprogramtherobotto

beequallyactiveatalltime?No.Therobotwouldbeusingupenergyatatimewhenitwasnotreceiving

any.Sowewouldprobablyprogramittostopitsactivityatnightandtowakeupatdawnthenext

morning.

Accordingtotheevolutionary(进化的)theoryofsleepevolutionequippeduswitharegularpattern

ofsleepingandwakingforthesamereason.Thetheorydoesn'tdenythat

sleepprovidessomeimportantrestorativefunctions.Itmerelysaysthatevolutionhasprogrammedusto

performthosefunctionsatatimewhenactivitywouldbeinefficientandpossiblydangerous.However

sleepprotectsusonlyfromthesortoftroublewemightwalkinto;itdoesn'tprotectusfromtroublethat

comeslookingforus.Sowesleepwellwhenweareinafamiliarandsafeplacebutwesleeplightlyifat

allwhenwefearthatbearswillnoseintothetent.

Theevolutionarytheoryexplainsthedifferencesinsleepamongcreatures.Whydocatsforinstance

sleepsomuchwhilehorsessleepsolittle?Surelycatsdonotneedfivetimesasmuchrepairand

restorationashorsesdo.Butcatscanaffordtohavelongperiodsofinactivitybecausetheyspendlittle

timeeatingandunlikelytobeattackedwhiletheysleep.Horsesmustspendalmostalltheirwakinghours

eatingbecausewhattheyeatisverylowinenergyvalue.Moreovertheycannotaffordtosleeptoolong

ortoodeeplybecausetheirsurvivaldependsontheirabilitytorunawayfromattackers.

1.Theauthorusedtheexampleoftherobotinspaceexplorationtotellus_____.

A.thedifferencesbetweenrobotsandmen

B.thereasonwhymenneedtosleep

C.abouttheneedforrobotstosaveenergy

D.aboutthedangerofmenworkingatnight

2.Evolutionhasprogrammedmantosleepatnightmainlytohelphim_____.

A.avoiddangerandineffectivelabor

B.restorehisbodilyfunctions

C.preventtroublethatcomeslookingforhim

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