ScientistsDetectGravitationalWavesWhatisgravitationalwaves（引力波）？Scientistshaveforthefirsttimeobservedripplesinthefabricofspacetime（时空涟漪）calledgravitationalwaves，arrivingattheearthfromaseverelyd-393查询网问答

ScientistsDetectGravitationalWavesWhatisgravitationalwaves（引力波）？Scientistshaveforthefirsttimeobservedripplesinthefabricofspacetime（时空涟漪）calledgravitationalwaves，arrivingattheearthfromaseverelyd

更新时间：2024-04-18 16:53:25

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ScientistsDetectGravitationalWaves

Whatisgravitationalwaves （引力波）？Scientistshaveforthefirsttimeobservedripplesinthefabricofspacetime （时空涟漪） calledgravitationalwaves，arrivingattheearthfromaseverelydestructiveeventinthedistantuniverse．ItconfirmsamajorpredictionofAlbertEinstein's1915generaltheoryofrelativityandopensauniquenewwindowontotheuniverse，accordingtoagroupofscientistsatapressconferenceinWashingtononThursday．

"Thisistrulyscientificmoonshot．Wedidit．Welandedonthemoon，"declaredDavidReitz，executivedirectoroftheLIGOLaboratoryatCaltech，attheconferenceintheNationalPressClub．

AccordingtotheNationalScienceFoundation （NSF） experts，gravitationalwavescarryinformationabouttheirdramaticoriginsandaboutthenatureofgravitythatcannotbeobtainedfromelsewhere．Physicistshaveconcludedthatthedetectedgravitationalwaveswereproducedduringthefinalfractionofasecond （千分之一秒） ofthecombinationoftwoblackholestoproduceasingle，muchbiggerturningblackhole．ThisfierceshockoftwoblackholeshadbeenpredictedbutneverobservedbyNSF．

ThegravitationalwavesweredetectedonSept14，2015at5：51amEDTbybothofthetwinLaserInterferometerGravitational-waveObservatory （LIGO） detectors，locatedinLivingston，Louisiana，andHanford，Washington．

Basedontheobservedsignals，LIGOscientistsestimatethattheblackholesforthiseventwereabout29and36timestheweightofthesun，andtheeventtookplace1.3billionyearsago．Aboutthreetimestheweightofthesunwaschangedintogravitationalwavesinafractionofasecond--withapeakpoweroutputabout50timesthatofthewholevisibleuniverse．Bylookingatthetimeofarrivalofthesignals--thedetectorinLivingstonrecordedtheevent7milliseconds （毫秒） beforethedetectorinHanford--scientistscansaythatthesourcewaslocatedintheSouthernHemisphere，accordingtoapressreleasefromNSF，whichfundedtheresearch．

ThisnewLIGOdiscoveryisthefirstobservationofgravitationalwavesthemselves，madebymeasuringthetinydisturbancesthewavesmaketospaceandtimeastheypassthroughtheearth．"Ourobservationofgravita

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　　74．D．推理判断题．根据文章第二段"Thisistrulyscientificmoonshot．Wedidit．Welandedonthemoon"意为这是真正的科学登月．我们做到了．我们登上了月球，可推测科学登月应该是利用引力波登月，即科学家成功的观察到了引力波；故选D．　　75．C．段落大意题．根据文章第三段"Physicists have concluded that the detected gravitational waves were produced during the final fraction of a second （千分之一秒） of the combination of two black holes to produce a single，much bigger turning black hole"可知科学家一直在观测另外星系的两个黑洞动态．两个黑洞一直告诉旋转并相互靠拢，当两个黑洞碰撞时候，瞬间爆发出巨大能量，形成引力波向宇宙间扩散；故选C．　　76．C．细节理解题．根据文章第五段"Based on the observed signals，LIGO scientists estimate that the black holes for this event were about 29and 36times the weight of the sun，and the event took place 1.3billion years ago"基于观察到的信号，LIGO的科学家估计，此事件的黑洞大约29到36倍的太阳的重量，这事也发生在1.3billion年前；故选C．　　77．A．推理判断题．根据文章第一段"Scientists have for the first time observed ripples in the fabric of space time （时空涟漪） called gravitational waves，arriving at the earth from a severely destructive event in the distant universe"可知引力波会干扰时间和空间；故选A，